Broadband rational macromodeling based on the adaptive frequency sampling algorithm and the partial element equivalent circuit method

The increasing operating frequencies in modern designs call for broadband macromodeling techniques. The problem of computing high-accuracy simulation models for high-speed interconnects is of great importance in the modeling arena. Nowadays, many full-wave numerical techniques are available that provide high accuracy, often at a significant cost in terms of memory storage and computing time. Furthermore, designers are usually only interested in a few electrical quantities such as port voltages and currents. So, model order reduction techniques are commonly used to achieve accurate results in a reasonable time. This paper presents a new technique, based on the partial element equivalent circuit method, which allows to generate reduced-order models by adaptively selecting the complexity (order) of the macromodel and suitable frequency samples. Thus, the proposed algorithm allows to limit the computing time while preserving the accuracy. Validation examples are given.