Partial element equivalent circuit formulation for moving objects

This paper presents the partial element equivalent circuit formulation of electromagnetic systems with moving objects. The motion of portion of the system generates two effects: additional specific electromotive forces related to the speed and magnetic flux density and time-varying partial elements. The proposed formulation is presented in a general context including conductors, dielectrics, and magnetic materials. Exploiting Galerkin's testing procedure, additional contributions to the electric field integral equation that are proportional to electrical currents and magnetization appear. Three numerical examples are presented to support the theoretical analysis.