Spatial, temporal, and demographic patterns in prevalence of smoking tobacco use and attributable disease burden in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Reitsma, Marissa B; Kendrick, Parkes J; Ababneh, Emad; Abbafati, Cristiana; Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen; Abdoli, Amir; Abedi, Aidin; Abhilash, E S; Abila, Derrick Bary; Aboyans, Victor; Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen ME; Adebayo, Oladimeji M; Advani, Shailesh M; Aghaali, Mohammad; Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku; Ahmad, Sohail; Ahmadi, Keivan; Ahmed, Haroon; Aji, Budi; Akunna, Chisom Joyqueenet; Al-Aly, Ziyad; Alanzi, Turki M; Alhabib, Khalid F; Ali, Liaqat; Alif, Sheikh Mohammad; Alipour, Vahid; Aljunid, Syed Mohamed; Alla, François; Allebeck, Peter; Alvis-Guzman, Nelson; Amin, Tarek Tawfik; Amini, Saeed; Amu, Hubert; Amul, Gianna Gayle Herrera; Ancuceanu, Robert; Anderson, Jason A; Ansari-Moghaddam, Alireza; Antonio, Carl Abelardo T; Antony, Benny; Anvari, Davood; Arabloo, Jalal; Arian, Nicholas D; Arora, Monika; Asaad, Malke; Ausloos, Marcel; Awan, Asma Tahir; Ayano, Getinet; Aynalem, Getie Lake; Azari, Samad; Darshan B, B; Badiye, Ashish D; Baig, Atif Amin; Bakhshaei, Mohammad Hossein; Banach, Maciej; Banik, Palash Chandra; Barker-Collo, Suzanne Lyn; Bärnighausen, Till Winfried; Barqawi, Hiba Jawdat; Basu, Sanjay; Bayati, Mohsen; Bazargan-Hejazi, Shahrzad; Behzadifar, Masoud; Bekuma, Tariku Tesfaye; Bennett, Derrick A; Bensenor, Isabela M; Berfield, Kathleen S Sachiko; Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth; Bhardwaj, Nikha; Bhardwaj, Pankaj; Bhattacharyya, Krittika; Bibi, Sadia; Bijani, Ali; Bintoro, Bagas Suryo; Biondi, Antonio; Birara, Setognal; Braithwaite, Dejana; Brenner, Hermann; Brunoni, Andre R; Burkart, Katrin; Butt, Zahid A; Caetano dos Santos, Florentino Luciano; Cámera, Luis Alberto; Car, Josip; Cárdenas, Rosario; Carreras, Giulia; Carrero, Juan J; Castaldelli-Maia, Joao Mauricio; Cattaruzza, Maria Sofia Sofia; Chang, Jung-Chen; Chen, Simiao; Chu, Dinh-Toi; Chung, Sheng-Chia; Cirillo, Massimo; Costa, Vera Marisa; Couto, Rosa A S; Dadras, Omid; Dai, Xiaochen; Damasceno, Albertino Antonio Moura; Damiani, Giovanni; Dandona, Lalit; Dandona, Rakhi; Daneshpajouhnejad, Parnaz; Darega Gela, Jiregna; Davletov, Kairat; Derbew Molla, Meseret; Dessie, Getenet Ayalew; Desta, Abebaw Alemayehu; Dharmaratne, Samath Dhamminda; Dianatinasab, Mostafa; Diaz, Daniel; Hoa Thi, Do; Douiri, Abdel; Duncan, Bruce B; Duraes, Andre Rodrigues; Eagan, Arielle Wilder; Ebrahimi Kalan, Mohammad; Edvardsson, Kristina; Elbarazi, Iffat; El Tantawi, Maha; Esmaeilnejad, Saman; Fadhil, Ibtihal; Faraon, Emerito Jose A; Farinha, Carla Sofia e Sá; Farwati, Medhat; Farzadfar, Farshad; Fazlzadeh, Mehdi; Feigin, Valery L; Feldman, Rachel; Fernandez Prendes, Carlota; Ferrara, Pietro; Filip, Irina; Filippidis, Filippos; Fischer, Florian; Flor, Luisa Sorio; Foigt, Nataliya A; Folayan, Morenike Oluwatoyin; Foroutan, Masoud; Gad, Mohamed M; Gaidhane, Abhay Motiramji; Gallus, Silvano; Geberemariyam, Biniyam Sahiledengle; Ghafourifard, Mansour; Ghajar, Alireza; Ghashghaee, Ahmad; Giampaoli, Simona; Gill, Paramjit Singh; Glozah, Franklin N; Gnedovskaya, Elena V; Golechha, Mahaveer; Gopalani, Sameer Vali; Gorini, Giuseppe; Goudarzi, Houman; Goulart, Alessandra C; Greaves, Felix; Guha, Avirup; Guo, Yuming; Gupta, Bhawna; Gupta, Rajat Das; Gupta, Rajeev; Gupta, Tarun; Gupta, Vin; Hafezi-Nejad, Nima; Haider, Mohammad Rifat; Hamadeh, Randah R; Hankey, Graeme J; Hargono, Arief; Hartono, Risky Kusuma; Hassankhani, Hadi; Hay, Simon I; Heidari, Golnaz; Herteliu, Claudiu; Hezam, Kamal; Hird, Thomas R; Hole, Michael K; Holla, Ramesh; Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi; Hostiuc, Sorin; Househ, Mowafa; Hsiao, Thomas; Huang, Junjie; Iannucci, Vincent C; Ibitoye, Segun Emmanuel; Idrisov, Bulat; Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen; Ilic, Irena M; Ilic, Milena D; Inbaraj, Leeberk Raja; Irvani, Seyed Sina Naghibi; Islam, Jessica Y; Islam, Rakibul M; Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful; Islami, Farhad; Iso, Hiroyasu; Itumalla, Ramaiah; Iwagami, Masao; Jaafari, Jalil; Jain, Vardhmaan; Jakovljevic, Mihajlo; Jang, Sung-In; Janjani, Hosna; Jayaram, Shubha; Jeemon, Panniyammakal; Jha, Ravi Prakash; Jonas, Jost B; Joo, Tamas; Jürisson, Mikk; Kabir, Ali; Kabir, Zubair; Kalankesh, Leila R; Kanchan, Tanuj; Kandel, Himal; Kapoor, Neeti; Karimi, Salah Eddin; Katikireddi, Srinivasa Vittal; Kebede, Hafte Kahsay; Kelkay, Bayew; Kennedy, Ryan David; Khoja, Abdullah T; Khubchandani, Jagdish; Kim, Gyu Ri; Kim, Young-Eun; Kimokoti, Ruth W; Kivimäki, Mika; Kosen, Soewarta; Koulmane Laxminarayana, Sindhura Lakshmi; Koyanagi, Ai; Krishan, Kewal; Kugbey, Nuworza; Kumar, G Anil; Kumar, Nithin; Kurmi, Om P; Kusuma, Dian; Lacey, Ben; Lam, Jennifer O; Landires, Iván; Lasrado, Savita; Lauriola, Paolo; Lee, Doo Woong; Lee, Yo Han; Leung, Janni; Shanshan, Li; Lin, Hualiang; Linn, Shai; Liu, Wei; Lopez, Alan D; Lopukhov, Platon D; Lorkowski, Stefan; Lugo, Alessandra; Majeed, Azeem; Maleki, Afshin; Malekzadeh, Reza; Malta, Deborah Carvalho; Mamun, Abdullah A; Manjunatha, Narayana; Mansouri, Borhan; Mansournia, Mohammad Ali; Martinez-Raga, Jose; Martini, Santi; Mathur, Manu Raj; Medina-Solís, Carlo Eduardo; Mehata, Suresh; Mendoza, Walter; Menezes, Ritesh G; Meretoja, Atte; Meretoja, Tuomo J; Miazgowski, Bartosz; Michalek, Irmina Maria; Miller, Ted R; Mirrakhimov, Erkin M; Mirzaei, Hamed; Mirzaei-Alavijeh, Mehdi; Misra, Sanjeev; Moghadaszadeh, Masoud; Mohammad, Yousef; Mohammadian-Hafshejani, Abdollah; Mohammed, Shafiu; Mokdad, Ali H; Monasta, Lorenzo; Moni, Mohammad Ali; Moradi, Ghobad; Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar; Moradzadeh, Rahmatollah; Morrison, Shane Douglas; Mossie, Tilahun Belete; Mubarik, Sumaira; Mullany, Erin C; Murray, Christopher J L; Naghavi, Mohsen; Naghshtabrizi, Behshad; Nair, Sanjeev; Nalini, Mahdi; Nangia, Vinay; Naqvi, Atta Abbas; Narasimha Swamy, Sreenivas; Naveed, Muhammad; Nayak, Smitha; Nayak, Vinod C; Nazari, Javad; Nduaguba, Sabina O; Neupane Kandel, Sandhya; Nguyen, Cuong Tat; Nguyen, Huong Lan Thi; Nguyen, Son Hoang; Nguyen, Trang Huyen; Nixon, Molly R; Nnaji, Chukwudi A; Norrving, Bo; Noubiap, Jean Jacques; Nowak, Christoph; Ogbo, Felix Akpojene; Oguntade, Ayodipupo Sikiru; In-Hwan, Oh; Olagunju, Andrew T; Oren, Eyal; Otstavnov, Nikita; Otstavnov, Stanislav S; Owolabi, Mayowa O; P A, Mahesh; Pakhale, Smita; Pakshir, Keyvan; Palladino, Raffaele; Pana, Adrian; Panda-Jonas, Songhomitra; Pandey, Ashok; Parekh, Utsav; Park, Eun-Cheol; Park, Eun-Kee; Pashazadeh Kan, Fatemeh; Patton, George C; Pawar, Shrikant; Pestell, Richard G; Pinheiro, Marina; Piradov, Michael A; Pirouzpanah, Saeed; Pokhrel, Khem Narayan; Polibin, Roman V; Prashant, Akila; Pribadi, Dimas Ria Angga; Radfar, Amir; Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa; Rahman, Azizur; Rahman, Mohammad Hifz Ur; Rahman, Muhammad Aziz; Rahmani, Amir Masoud; Rajai, Nazanin; Ram, Pradhum; Ranabhat, Chhabi Lal; Rathi, Priya; Rawal, Lal; Renzaho, Andre M N; Reynales-Shigematsu, Luz Myriam; Rezapour, Aziz; Riahi, Seyed Mohammad; Riaz, Mavra A; Roever, Leonardo; Ronfani, Luca; Roshandel, Gholamreza; Roy, Ambuj; Roy, Bedanta; Sacco, Simona; Saddik, Basema; Sahebkar, Amirhossein; Salehi, Sana; Salimzadeh, Hamideh; Samaei, Mehrnoosh; Samy, Abdallah M; Santos, Itamar S; Santric-Milicevic, Milena M; Sarrafzadegan, Nizal; Sathian, Brijesh; Sawhney, Monika; Saylan, Mete; Schaub, Michael P; Schmidt, Maria Inês; Schneider, Ione Jayce Ceola; Schutte, Aletta Elisabeth; Schwendicke, Falk; Seidu, Abdul-Aziz; Senthil Kumar, Nachimuthu; Sepanlou, Sadaf G; Seylani, Allen; Shafaat, Omid; Shah, Syed Mahboob; Shaikh, Masood Ali; Shalash, Ali S; Shannawaz, Mohammed; Sharafi, Kiomars; Sheikh, Aziz; Sheikhbahaei, Sara; Shigematsu, Mika; Shiri, Rahman; Shishani, Kawkab; Shivakumar, K M; Shivalli, Siddharudha; Shrestha, Roman; Siabani, Soraya; Sidemo, Negussie Boti; Sigfusdottir, Inga Dora; Sigurvinsdottir, Rannveig; Silva, Diego Augusto Santos; Silva, João Pedro; Singh, Ambrish; Singh, Jasvinder A; Singh, Virendra; Sinha, Dhirendra Narain; Sitas, Freddy; Skryabin, Valentin Yurievich; Skryabina, Anna Aleksandrovna; Soboka, Matiwos; Soriano, Joan B; Soroush, Ali; Soshnikov, Sergey; Soyiri, Ireneous N; Spurlock, Emma Elizabeth; Sreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar T; Stein, Dan J; Steiropoulos, Paschalis; Stortecky, Stefan; Straif, Kurt; Suliankatchi Abdulkader, Rizwan; Sulo, Gerhard; Sundström, Johan; Tabuchi, Takahiro; Tadakamadla, Santosh Kumar; Taddele, Biruk Wogayehu; Tadesse, Eyayou Girma; Tamiru, Animut Tagele; Tareke, Minale; Tareque, Md Ismail; Tarigan, Ingan Ukur; Temsah, Mohamad-Hani; Thankappan, Kavumpurathu Raman; Thapar, Rekha; Tichopad, Ales; Tolani, Musliu Adetola; Topouzis, Fotis; Tovani-Palone, Marcos Roberto; Tran, Bach Xuan; Tripathy, Jaya Prasad; Tsegaye, Gebiyaw Wudie; Tsilimparis, Nikolaos; Tymeson, Hayley D; Ullah, Anayat; Ullah, Saif; Unim, Brigid; Updike, Rachel L; Vacante, Marco; Valdez, Pascual R; Vardavas, Constantine; Varona Pérez, Patricia; Vasankari, Tommi Juhani; Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy; Verma, Madhur; Vetrova, Marina V; Bay, Vo; Giang Thu, Vu; Waheed, Yasir; Wang, Yanzhong; Welding, Kevin; Werdecker, Andrea; Whisnant, Joanna L; Wickramasinghe, Nuwan Darshana; Yamagishi, Kazumasa; Yandrapalli, Srikanth; Yatsuya, Hiroshi; Yazdi-Feyzabadi, Vahid; Yeshaw, Yigizie; Yimmer, Mohammed Zewdu; Yonemoto, Naohiro; Chuanhua, Yu; Yunusa, Ismaeel; Yusefzadeh, Hasan; Zahirian Moghadam, Telma; Zaman, Muhammed Shahriar; Zamanian, Maryam; Zandian, Hamed; Zar, Heather J; Zastrozhin, Mikhail Sergeevich; Zastrozhina, Anasthasia; Zavala-Arciniega, Luis; Zhang, Jianrong; Zhang, Zhi-Jiang; Zhong, Chenwen; Zuniga, Yves Miel H; Gakidou, Emmanuela

doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(21)01169-7

Spatial, temporal, and demographic patterns in prevalence of smoking tobacco use and attributable disease burden in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Reitsma, Marissa B;Kendrick, Parkes J;Ababneh, Emad;Abbafati, Cristiana;Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen;Abdoli, Amir;Abedi, Aidin;Abhilash, E S;Abila, Derrick Bary;Aboyans, Victor;Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen ME;Adebayo, Oladimeji M;Advani, Shailesh M;Aghaali, Mohammad;Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku;Ahmad, Sohail;Ahmadi, Keivan;Ahmed, Haroon;Aji, Budi;Akunna, Chisom Joyqueenet;Al-Aly, Ziyad;Alanzi, Turki M;Alhabib, Khalid F;Ali, Liaqat;Alif, Sheikh Mohammad;Alipour, Vahid;Aljunid, Syed Mohamed;Alla, François;Allebeck, Peter;Alvis-Guzman, Nelson;Amin, Tarek Tawfik;Amini, Saeed;Amu, Hubert;Amul, Gianna Gayle Herrera;Ancuceanu, Robert;Anderson, Jason A;Ansari-Moghaddam, Alireza;Antonio, Carl Abelardo T;Antony, Benny;Anvari, Davood;Arabloo, Jalal;Arian, Nicholas D;Arora, Monika;Asaad, Malke;Ausloos, Marcel;Awan, Asma Tahir;Ayano, Getinet;Aynalem, Getie Lake;Azari, Samad;B, Darshan B;Badiye, Ashish D;Baig, Atif Amin;Bakhshaei, Mohammad Hossein;Banach, Maciej;Banik, Palash Chandra;Barker-Collo, Suzanne Lyn;Bärnighausen, Till Winfried;Barqawi, Hiba Jawdat;Basu, Sanjay;Bayati, Mohsen;Bazargan-Hejazi, Shahrzad;Behzadifar, Masoud;Bekuma, Tariku Tesfaye;Bennett, Derrick A;Bensenor, Isabela M;Berfield, Kathleen S Sachiko;Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth;Bhardwaj, Nikha;Bhardwaj, Pankaj;Bhattacharyya, Krittika;Bibi, Sadia;Bijani, Ali;Bintoro, Bagas Suryo;Biondi, Antonio;Birara, Setognal;Braithwaite, Dejana;Brenner, Hermann;Brunoni, Andre R;Burkart, Katrin;Butt, Zahid A;Caetano dos Santos, Florentino Luciano;Cámera, Luis Alberto;Car, Josip;Cárdenas, Rosario;Carreras, Giulia;Carrero, Juan J;Castaldelli-Maia, Joao Mauricio;Cattaruzza, Maria Sofia Sofia;Chang, Jung-Chen;Chen, Simiao;Chu, Dinh-Toi;Chung, Sheng-Chia;Cirillo, Massimo;Costa, Vera Marisa;Couto, Rosa A S;Dadras, Omid;Dai, Xiaochen;Damasceno, Albertino Antonio Moura;Damiani, Giovanni;Dandona, Lalit;Dandona, Rakhi;Daneshpajouhnejad, Parnaz;Darega Gela, Jiregna;Davletov, Kairat;Derbew Molla, Meseret;Dessie, Getenet Ayalew;Desta, Abebaw Alemayehu;Dharmaratne, Samath Dhamminda;Dianatinasab, Mostafa;Diaz, Daniel;Do, Hoa Thi;Douiri, Abdel;Duncan, Bruce B;Duraes, Andre Rodrigues;Eagan, Arielle Wilder;Ebrahimi Kalan, Mohammad;Edvardsson, Kristina;Elbarazi, Iffat;El Tantawi, Maha;Esmaeilnejad, Saman;Fadhil, Ibtihal;Faraon, Emerito Jose A;Farinha, Carla Sofia e Sá;Farwati, Medhat;Farzadfar, Farshad;Fazlzadeh, Mehdi;Feigin, Valery L;Feldman, Rachel;Fernandez Prendes, Carlota;Ferrara, Pietro;Filip, Irina;Filippidis, Filippos;Fischer, Florian;Flor, Luisa Sorio;Foigt, Nataliya A;Folayan, Morenike Oluwatoyin;Foroutan, Masoud;Gad, Mohamed M;Gaidhane, Abhay Motiramji;Gallus, Silvano;Geberemariyam, Biniyam Sahiledengle;Ghafourifard, Mansour;Ghajar, Alireza;Ghashghaee, Ahmad;Giampaoli, Simona;Gill, Paramjit Singh;Glozah, Franklin N;Gnedovskaya, Elena V;Golechha, Mahaveer;Gopalani, Sameer Vali;Gorini, Giuseppe;Goudarzi, Houman;Goulart, Alessandra C;Greaves, Felix;Guha, Avirup;Guo, Yuming;Gupta, Bhawna;Gupta, Rajat Das;Gupta, Rajeev;Gupta, Tarun;Gupta, Vin;Hafezi-Nejad, Nima;Haider, Mohammad Rifat;Hamadeh, Randah R;Hankey, Graeme J;Hargono, Arief;Hartono, Risky Kusuma;Hassankhani, Hadi;Hay, Simon I;Heidari, Golnaz;Herteliu, Claudiu;Hezam, Kamal;Hird, Thomas R;Hole, Michael K;Holla, Ramesh;Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi;Hostiuc, Sorin;Househ, Mowafa;Hsiao, Thomas;Huang, Junjie;Iannucci, Vincent C;Ibitoye, Segun Emmanuel;Idrisov, Bulat;Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen;Ilic, Irena M;Ilic, Milena D;Inbaraj, Leeberk Raja;Irvani, Seyed Sina Naghibi;Islam, Jessica Y;Islam, Rakibul M;Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful;Islami, Farhad;Iso, Hiroyasu;Itumalla, Ramaiah;Iwagami, Masao;Jaafari, Jalil;Jain, Vardhmaan;Jakovljevic, Mihajlo;Jang, Sung-In;Janjani, Hosna;Jayaram, Shubha;Jeemon, Panniyammakal;Jha, Ravi Prakash;Jonas, Jost B;Joo, Tamas;Jürisson, Mikk;Kabir, Ali;Kabir, Zubair;Kalankesh, Leila R;Kanchan, Tanuj;Kandel, Himal;Kapoor, Neeti;Karimi, Salah Eddin;Katikireddi, Srinivasa Vittal;Kebede, Hafte Kahsay;Kelkay, Bayew;Kennedy, Ryan David;Khoja, Abdullah T;Khubchandani, Jagdish;Kim, Gyu Ri;Kim, Young-Eun;Kimokoti, Ruth W;Kivimäki, Mika;Kosen, Soewarta;Koyanagi, Ai;Krishan, Kewal;Kugbey, Nuworza;Kumar, G Anil;Kumar, Nithin;Kurmi, Om P;Kusuma, Dian;Lacey, Ben;Lam, Jennifer O;Landires, Iván;Lasrado, Savita;Lauriola, Paolo;Lee, Doo Woong;Lee, Yo Han;Leung, Janni;Li, Shanshan;Lin, Hualiang;Linn, Shai;Liu, Wei;Lopez, Alan D;Lopukhov, Platon D;Lorkowski, Stefan;Lugo, Alessandra;Majeed, Azeem;Maleki, Afshin;Malekzadeh, Reza;Malta, Deborah Carvalho;Mamun, Abdullah A;Manjunatha, Narayana;Mansouri, Borhan;Mansournia, Mohammad Ali;Martinez-Raga, Jose;Martini, Santi;Mathur, Manu Raj;Medina-Solís, Carlo Eduardo;Mehata, Suresh;Mendoza, Walter;Menezes, Ritesh G;Meretoja, Atte;Meretoja, Tuomo J;Miazgowski, Bartosz;Michalek, Irmina Maria;Miller, Ted R;Mirrakhimov, Erkin M;Mirzaei, Hamed;Mirzaei-Alavijeh, Mehdi;Misra, Sanjeev;Moghadaszadeh, Masoud;Mohammad, Yousef;Mohammadian-Hafshejani, Abdollah;Mohammed, Shafiu;Mokdad, Ali H;Monasta, Lorenzo;Moni, Mohammad Ali;Moradi, Ghobad;Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar;Moradzadeh, Rahmatollah;Morrison, Shane Douglas;Mossie, Tilahun Belete;Mubarik, Sumaira;Mullany, Erin C;Murray, Christopher J L;Naghavi, Mohsen;Naghshtabrizi, Behshad;Nair, Sanjeev;Nalini, Mahdi;Nangia, Vinay;Naqvi, Atta Abbas;Narasimha Swamy, Sreenivas;Naveed, Muhammad;Nayak, Smitha;Nayak, Vinod C;Nazari, Javad;Nduaguba, Sabina O;Neupane Kandel, Sandhya;Nguyen, Cuong Tat;Nguyen, Huong Lan Thi;Nguyen, Son Hoang;Nguyen, Trang Huyen;Nixon, Molly R;Nnaji, Chukwudi A;Norrving, Bo;Noubiap, Jean Jacques;Nowak, Christoph;Ogbo, Felix Akpojene;Oguntade, Ayodipupo Sikiru;Oh, In-Hwan;Olagunju, Andrew T;Oren, Eyal;Otstavnov, Nikita;Otstavnov, Stanislav S;Owolabi, Mayowa O;P A, Mahesh;Pakhale, Smita;Pakshir, Keyvan;Palladino, Raffaele;Pana, Adrian;Panda-Jonas, Songhomitra;Pandey, Ashok;Parekh, Utsav;Park, Eun-Cheol;Park, Eun-Kee;Pashazadeh Kan, Fatemeh;Patton, George C;Pawar, Shrikant;Pestell, Richard G;Pinheiro, Marina;Piradov, Michael A;Pirouzpanah, Saeed;Pokhrel, Khem Narayan;Polibin, Roman V;Prashant, Akila;Pribadi, Dimas Ria Angga;Radfar, Amir;Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa;Rahman, Azizur;Rahman, Mohammad Hifz Ur;Rahman, Muhammad Aziz;Rahmani, Amir Masoud;Rajai, Nazanin;Ram, Pradhum;Ranabhat, Chhabi Lal;Rathi, Priya;Rawal, Lal;Renzaho, Andre M N;Reynales-Shigematsu, Luz Myriam;Rezapour, Aziz;Riahi, Seyed Mohammad;Riaz, Mavra A;Roever, Leonardo;Ronfani, Luca;Roshandel, Gholamreza;Roy, Ambuj;Roy, Bedanta;Sacco, Simona;Saddik, Basema;Sahebkar, Amirhossein;Salehi, Sana;Salimzadeh, Hamideh;Samaei, Mehrnoosh;Samy, Abdallah M;Santos, Itamar S;Santric-Milicevic, Milena M;Sarrafzadegan, Nizal;Sathian, Brijesh;Sawhney, Monika;Saylan, Mete;Schaub, Michael P;Schmidt, Maria Inês;Schneider, Ione Jayce Ceola;Schutte, Aletta Elisabeth;Schwendicke, Falk;Seidu, Abdul-Aziz;Senthil Kumar, Nachimuthu;Sepanlou, Sadaf G;Seylani, Allen;Shafaat, Omid;Shah, Syed Mahboob;Shaikh, Masood Ali;Shalash, Ali S;Shannawaz, Mohammed;Sharafi, Kiomars;Sheikh, Aziz;Sheikhbahaei, Sara;Shigematsu, Mika;Shiri, Rahman;Shishani, Kawkab;Shivakumar, K M;Shivalli, Siddharudha;Shrestha, Roman;Siabani, Soraya;Sidemo, Negussie Boti;Sigfusdottir, Inga Dora;Sigurvinsdottir, Rannveig;Silva, Diego Augusto Santos;Silva, João Pedro;Singh, Ambrish;Singh, Jasvinder A;Singh, Virendra;Sinha, Dhirendra Narain;Sitas, Freddy;Skryabin, Valentin Yurievich;Skryabina, Anna Aleksandrovna;Soboka, Matiwos;Soriano, Joan B;Soroush, Ali;Soshnikov, Sergey;Soyiri, Ireneous N;Spurlock, Emma Elizabeth;Sreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar T;Stein, Dan J;Steiropoulos, Paschalis;Stortecky, Stefan;Straif, Kurt;Suliankatchi Abdulkader, Rizwan;Sulo, Gerhard;Sundström, Johan;Tabuchi, Takahiro;Tadakamadla, Santosh Kumar;Taddele, Biruk Wogayehu;Tadesse, Eyayou Girma;Tamiru, Animut Tagele;Tareke, Minale;Tareque, Md Ismail;Tarigan, Ingan Ukur;Temsah, Mohamad-Hani;Thankappan, Kavumpurathu Raman;Thapar, Rekha;Tichopad, Ales;Tolani, Musliu Adetola;Topouzis, Fotis;Tovani-Palone, Marcos Roberto;Tran, Bach Xuan;Tripathy, Jaya Prasad;Tsegaye, Gebiyaw Wudie;Tsilimparis, Nikolaos;Tymeson, Hayley D;Ullah, Anayat;Ullah, Saif;Unim, Brigid;Updike, Rachel L;Vacante, Marco;Valdez, Pascual R;Vardavas, Constantine;Varona Pérez, Patricia;Vasankari, Tommi Juhani;Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy;Verma, Madhur;Vetrova, Marina V;Vo, Bay;Vu, Giang Thu;Waheed, Yasir;Wang, Yanzhong;Welding, Kevin;Werdecker, Andrea;Whisnant, Joanna L;Wickramasinghe, Nuwan Darshana;Yamagishi, Kazumasa;Yandrapalli, Srikanth;Yatsuya, Hiroshi;Yazdi-Feyzabadi, Vahid;Yeshaw, Yigizie;Yimmer, Mohammed Zewdu;Yonemoto, Naohiro;Yu, Chuanhua;Yunusa, Ismaeel;Yusefzadeh, Hasan;Zahirian Moghadam, Telma;Zaman, Muhammed Shahriar;Zamanian, Maryam;Zandian, Hamed;Zar, Heather J;Zastrozhin, Mikhail Sergeevich;Zastrozhina, Anasthasia;Zavala-Arciniega, Luis;Zhang, Jianrong;Zhang, Zhi-Jiang;Zhong, Chenwen;Zuniga, Yves Miel H;Gakidou, Emmanuela

2021-01-01

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Spatial, temporal, and demographic patterns in prevalence of smoking tobacco use and attributable disease burden in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

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