A decision-making tool for transition towards efficient lighting in a context of safeguarding of cultural heritage in support of the 2030 agenda

Minor historical centres constitute a historical and urban architectural heritage. In this context the theme of urban lighting is gaining increasing interest. There are many aspects to consider since it is necessary to implement strategies that aim at energy saving, reducing pollution and degradation, safety, historical context enhancements, as well as their conservation and attention towards contemporary users. Therefore, this article illustrates a multidisciplinary methodology aimed at identifying strategies and best practices for upgrading lighting scenarios in historical contexts of value. The research is organized into four steps, the first of which is the cognitive process, the second is critical synthesis, the third is the definition of strategies and project scenarios, and the fourth step is related to development of the life-cycle cost analysis (LCCA) and CO2 estimation. The framework is verified by applying it to a case study in the Abruzzo Region, Italy, identifying three scenarios with different strategic objectives. In the Italian case study, from an economic point of view, the LCCA made it possible to demonstrate the economic value of the investment, in addition to the fact that the optimal configuration of the lighting scenario redevelopment project leads to a reduction in CO2 emissions of almost 6 tonnes per year compared to the existing situation. Moreover, this research contributes to implement the 2030 Agenda and, in particular, Goals 7 and 11. Finally, it has put in place the foundations of theme of urban lighting in value context and it has helped to bring research gaps identified.