Validation of a brief version of the Resilience Scale for Adults on an Italian non-clinical sample

AIM: The Resilience Scale for Adults (RSA) is a self-administered 7-point Likert scale of 33 items, structured in 6 factors measuring personal and interpersonal resources. We aimed to develop and validate a brief form of the RSA, in order to produce a short, fast and handy tool for assessing resilience. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A non-clinical sample of 500 university students was recruited using a research website. Reduction of the RSA-33 was performed using an item response theory (IRT) analysis by means of a Graded Response Model (GRM) protocol on the 6 RSA factors separately. After the IRT reduction process, a Pearson's correlation matrix of the original RSA-33 and the reduced version was estimated. Finally, a CFA was estimated to assess factorial validity. The estimation of item discrimination from the GRM ranged from 0.69 and 5.94 and allowed to retain 11 items. RESULTS: For both the original RSA-33 and the brief RSA-11, the strongest correlations were between Family Cohesion and Social Resources factors. CFA was estimated to assess factorial validity in a simplified model with two latent first-order factors, i.e., Personal and Contextual resources. CONCLUSIONS: The availability of short and psychometrically robust measures is needed to improve evaluation and monitoring in mental health programs. For this reason, we provided a brief and effective tool to assess resilience resources in both research and clinical settings.