Drug resistance is a major impediment to patient survival and remains the primary cause of unsuccessful cancer therapy. Drug resistance occurs in many tumors and is frequently induced by chemotherapy which triggers a defensive response both in cancerous and cancer-associated cells that constitute the tumor microenvironment (TME). Cell to cell communication within the TME is often mediated by extracellular vesicles (EVs) which carry specific tumor-promoting factors able to activate survival pathways and immune escape mechanisms, thus sustaining tumor progression and therapy resistance. NF-kappa B has been recognized as a crucial player in this context. NF-kappa B activation is involved in EVs release and EVs, in turn, can trigger NF-kappa B pathway activation in specific contexts, based on secreting cytotype and their specific delivered cargo. In this review, we discuss the role of NF-kappa B/EVs interplay that sustain chemoresistance in the TME by focusing on the molecular mechanisms that underlie inflammation, EVs release, and acquired drug resistance.

EV-Mediated Chemoresistance in the Tumor Microenvironment: Is NF-κB a Player?

Di Vito Nolfi, Mauro;Vecchiotti, Davide;Flati, Irene;Verzella, Daniela;Di Padova, Monica;Alesse, Edoardo;Capece, Daria
;
Zazzeroni, Francesca
2022-01-01

Abstract

Drug resistance is a major impediment to patient survival and remains the primary cause of unsuccessful cancer therapy. Drug resistance occurs in many tumors and is frequently induced by chemotherapy which triggers a defensive response both in cancerous and cancer-associated cells that constitute the tumor microenvironment (TME). Cell to cell communication within the TME is often mediated by extracellular vesicles (EVs) which carry specific tumor-promoting factors able to activate survival pathways and immune escape mechanisms, thus sustaining tumor progression and therapy resistance. NF-kappa B has been recognized as a crucial player in this context. NF-kappa B activation is involved in EVs release and EVs, in turn, can trigger NF-kappa B pathway activation in specific contexts, based on secreting cytotype and their specific delivered cargo. In this review, we discuss the role of NF-kappa B/EVs interplay that sustain chemoresistance in the TME by focusing on the molecular mechanisms that underlie inflammation, EVs release, and acquired drug resistance.
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11697/195414
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