Approach to energy analysis using Building Information Modeling (BIM) software

To date, the design of low-energy buildings remains one of the main issues globally. The construction sector accounts for approximately 36% of global primary energy consumption, contributing to almost 40% of the total CO2 emissions worldwide. However, significant energy savings can be achieved if buildings are correctly designed. Therefore, it is crucial to integrate energy efficiency issues into the entire building design process, starting from the preliminary stage. Recent innovations have allowed the construction industry to invest in cutting-edge technologies and adopt new processes. In particular, applying the Building Information Modeling (BIM) methodology has introduced important changes in the design process. BIM makes it possible to optimize construction processes, from the design phase to the management phase. It is capable of providing information regarding the architectural and structural characteristics of the building, the materials, and the construction systems used, all according to the desired level of detail. Furthermore, the possibility of exchanging information with other software makes BIM a tool with great potential. This work explores the abilities of BIM in the architectural and energy field through the modeling of a specific case study, i.e., an academic building. In particular, the model was used for solar analyses, useful for identifying the most suitable surfaces for the installation of photovoltaic modules. The results demonstrated that the energy efficiency of a building is closely linked to its orientation and construction characteristics. In fact, the most favorable surfaces for the installation of the modules resulted in the two roof pitches exposed to the South-West, with an incident solar radiation value of 903 kWh/m2.