L’analisi sociologica del nuovo terrorismo tra dinamiche di radicalizzazione e programmi di de-radicalizzazione

Recent terrorist actions implemented by Islamic State showed major differ- ences from the past introducing, or reinforcing, specific features in contempo- rary terror strategic operations; foreign fighters, systematic martyrdom, lone wolf actions are posing new challenges both for security officers and the attacked (Western and non-Western) societies. What is emerging is not a ‘leaderless’ ter- ror net, but a complex and branched system in able to connect widespread actors composing a jihady galaxy. Foreign fighters are a brand new tool, used to hit Western metropolitan areas with specific tactics to recruit, support and deploy the terror cells. These processes are implementing scientific efforts to investigate how radicalized identities are build and to understand how to revert the trend and to recover and re-integrate former radicalized individuals. These essay, after an initial part dealing on description of the complicated jihadi radicalized world, focuses on the features of the first pioneering projects aimed at deradicalization, currently developed in Western countries, deepening the analysis of an effective public policy known as Aahrus Model.