Magnetostatic Simulation and Design of Novel Radiofrequency Coils Based on Transverse Field Current Elements for Magnetic Resonance Applications

Radiofrequency (RF) coils are key components in Magnetic Resonance (MR) systems and can be categorized into volume and surface coils according to their shapes. Volume RF coils can generate a uniform field in a large central sample’s region, while surface RF coils, usually smaller than volume coils, typically have a higher Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) in a reduced Region Of Interest (ROI) close to the coil plane but a relatively poorer field homogeneity. Circular and square loops are the simplest and most used design for developing axial field surface RF coils. However, for specific MR applications, the use of dedicated transverse field RF coils can be necessary or advantageous. Building on a previously developed and validated RF coil simulator, based on the magnetostatic approach, here we explore the potential applications of novel multiple axial field and transverse field surface RF coils in non-standard configurations. We demonstrate via numerical simulations that simple volume RF coils, matching a Helmholtz-like design, can be built with two identical transverse field RF coils separated by a given distance. Following well-known principles, the SNR of such novel configurations can be improved by a factor of up to √2 by combining two 90° rotated coils, producing, inside a central ROI, a circularly polarized B1 field.