A novel integrated approach for selective separation and recovery of critical metals from ground cathode-anode mixtures of spent li-ion batteries

The growing demand for sustainable management of spent Li-ion batteries has necessitated efficient recovery processes for valuable elements. Conventional recycling of Li-ion batteries still relies on separate anode and cathode processing lines and high-temperature steps that inflate cost and carbon footprint. This study overcome these limitations with a single-line, room-temperature hydrometallurgical flowsheet that treats a ground, unsorted mixture of cathode and anode materials. A dilute H2SO4 + H2O2 leach operated at 25 degrees C dissolves valuable metals, eliminating the thermal energy demand of roast-leach routes. Copper is first cemented (85 % recovery at Fe/Cu = 1.2), and Fe-Al hydroxides are precipitated at pH 5.5. The clarified leachate then enters a tailored solvent-extraction step: Mn is selectively extracted with 15 % saponified D2EHPA at pH 3 and stripped with 0.2 M H2SO4 (92 % recovery); Co and Ni are subsequently split with Cyanex 272 at pH 4.5 (91 % and 88 % recovery, respectively), while Li remains in the raffinate for downstream recovery. The integrated sequence delivers Cu, Fe, Al, Mn, Co, Ni and Li streams, using mild conditions and low residence times. By recovering all critical metals from a single mixed feed, the process eliminates costly pre-sorting and duplicate lines, reduces chemical inventory compared with multi-acid schemes, and cuts energy consumption relative to pyrometallurgical or hybrid schemes. These attributes position the flowsheet as a scalable, environmentally benign alternative for industrial Li-ion battery recycling and provide a robust baseline for future optimization.