Feasibility Study of Smart Infrastructure for Autonomous Driving Systems in Complex Terrains: A Case Study of Roio-L’Aquila Corridor

Technological innovation is no longer optional but essential for shaping the future of mobility toward safer, smarter, and more sustainable systems. This study presents a comprehensive feasibility analysis for the development of a 5 km smart road corridor in a mountainous terrain, designed to support autonomous and connected vehicle circulation. Building upon successful experiments conducted in cities with relatively flat terrains, the project adapts these experiences to a more complex topographical and climatic context characterized by steep gradients, sharp curves, and seasonal variability. The analysis integrates technical, economic, and environmental dimensions, focusing on infrastructure readiness, safety enhancement, and sustainability outcomes. Economic viability is assessed through established financial indicators, including Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), and the Payback Period. The findings confirm the project’s feasibility and emphasize its potential as a strategic investment for road safety, emission reduction, and innovation-driven territorial development. Beyond its regional relevance, the proposed methodological framework demonstrates strong transferability, offering a replicable model for the assessment and implementation of smart road systems in diverse geographic and socio-economic contexts worldwide. This positions the study as a scalable contribution to the global transition toward autonomous and connected mobility.