On the Performance of Space Shift Keying (SSK) Modulation with Imperfect Channel Knowledge

In this paper, we study the sensitivity and robustness of Space Shift Keying (SSK) modulation to imperfect channel knowledge at the receiver. Unlike the common widespread belief, we show that SSK modulation is more robust to imperfect channel knowledge than other state–of–the–art transmission tech- nologies, and only few training pilots are needed to get reliable enough channel estimates for data detection. More precisely, we focus our attention on the so–called Time–Orthogonal–Signal– Design (TOSD–) SSK modulation scheme, which is an improved version of SSK modulation offering transmit–diversity gains, and provide the following contributions: i) we develop a closed– form analytical framework to compute the Average Bit Error Probability (ABEP) of a mismatched detector for TOSD–SSK modulation, which can be used for arbitrary transmit–antenna, receive–antenna, channel fading, and training pilots; ii) we perform a comparative study of the performance of TOSD–SSK modulation and the Alamouti code under the same imperfect channel knowledge, and show that TOSD–SSK modulation is more robust to channel estimation errors; iii) we point out that only few pilot pulses are required to get performance very close to the perfect channel knowledge lower–bound; and iv) we verify that transmit– and receive–diversity gains of TOSD–SSK modulation are preserved even for a mismatched receiver.