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8.1 Tesi di dottorato 268

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Algoritmi di calcolo quantistico per sistemi chimici: approcci variazionali con bassa profondità di circuito

In the evolving landscape of quantum computing, variational algorithms have emerged as powerful tools for studying molecular systems. Accurately representing these systems' wavefunctions is challenging due to the limitations of current noisy quantum computers, which can only handle short-depth circuits. This thesis addresses this challenge by providing improved descriptions of wavefunctions using heuristic Ansätze with shallow circuit depth. Two primary approaches are explored: one focused on...

Raman LIDAR-Based Aerosol Profiling for Atmospheric Studies in Ultra High Energy Cosmic Ray Observatories

The presence of aerosols in the atmosphere impacts various aspects, underscoring the importance of continuous monitoring of these minute particles. Within ultra-high-energy cosmic ray observatories, neglecting the attenuation of light due to atmospheric molecules and aerosols introduces a significant systematic error in determining the properties of the primary particle. At the Pierre Auger Observatory, a comprehensive atmospheric monitoring program has been developed to correct observations ...

Experimental observations of the correspondence of Alfvénic and compressional waves in the Solar Wind high-speed streams with the geomagnetic activity at high latitudes in the Ultra Low-Frequency range

The solar wind(SW) speed and the interplanetary magnetic field(IMF) exhibit wide Alfvénic fluctuations, particularly within high-speed streams(HSS), which may influence geomagnetic activity. Alfvén waves are ubiquitous in the SW, with a high occurrence in HSS emanating from coronal holes.These waves play a crucial role in the stability, heating, and transport of magnetized plasmas, making the investigation of their effects on the geomagnetic field highly significant.This study aims to investi...

Understanding the role of REM sleep fragmentation on emotional memory and emotional reactivity through a new methodological approach

Sleep is fundamental to allow proper memory and emotional processing. In particular, rapid eye movement (REM) sleep duration and continuity are supposed to be crucial for ensuring adequate encoding and consolidation of emotional events. However, how REM sleep acts on the emotional reactivity associated with the emotional information needs to be clarified. Different methodological limitations affect the studies in this field. Recently, studies on clinical populations highlighted that REM sleep...

Ultrasuoni focalizzati guidati da risonanza magnetica (MRgFUS) per il tremore: risultati cognitivi a breve e a lungo termine

Parkinson's disease (PD) and essential tremor (ET) are two of the most disable conditions among of movement disorders. Traditionally, drug therapy has been the primary method for managing these conditions. However, not all patients respond adequately to initial drug treatments. In recent years, high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) has emerged as a medical procedure for treating various conditions, including tumors, uterine fibroids, and tremors. Magnetic resonance-guided ventral intermedi...

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