Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) paste as partial fat replacer in the development of reduced fat cooked meat product type pâté: Effect on quality and safety

The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of partially replacing fat by the addition of three quinoa pastes obtained from white, red and black quinoa on the quality and safety of a cooked meat product such as pork liver pâté. The addition of quinoa paste as fat replacer led to an increase in the moisture, ash and residual nitrite contents, while the fat content decreased with respect to control sample by an average of 8%. The use of quinoa pastes increased the hardness and the gumminess but had no effect on springiness and cohesiveness. The substitution of fat with white, red and black quinoa paste at 10% led to lower oxidation rates than observed in the control. No aerobic bacteria, Enterobacteriaceae, moulds and yeasts were found in any sample. The most acceptable sample was the pâté containing red quinoa at 5%.